HUMAN DISEASES - PART 4
DISEASES IN INDIAN CHILDREN
Gastroentitis
• Gastroentitis is an infection in the digestive system and it is one of the most common childhood illnesses.
• Symptoms of gastroentitis include diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting, tummy cramps, and fever.
• One of the main risks with gastroentitis is that it causes dehydration in children.
Rickets
• Rickets occurs due to Vitamin D deficiency.
• Deficiency of Vitamin D occurs in a child because of lack of exposure to sunlight.
• Lack of adequate calcium in the diet can also cause rickets.
• Rickets is a disease which involves softening and weakening of bones in children.
• Children between the ages of 6 to 24 months are at the highest risk of developing the disease because that is the age when their bones are rapidly growing.
Conjunctivitis
• Conjunctivitis is caused due to inflammation of the conjunctiva.
• Conjunctiva is the outermost layer of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids.
• Conjunctivitis often starts in one eye at first and then spreads to the other eye.
• For children suffering from conjunctivitis it is important to see a doctor to know what kind of conjunctivitis it is.
• Symptoms of conjunctivitis include redness of eyes, irritation in the eye, and eye watering.
Scabies
• Scabies is an infection of the skin.
• Scabies is caused by tiny insects called mites.
• These scabies mites burrow into the skin and lay eggs which become adult mites very soon.
• Symptoms of this infection include superficial burrows, rash and severe itching.
• Blisters on the palm and soles of the feet are characteristic symptoms of scabies in infants.
• Scabies is one of the highly contagious diseases and a child can develop it by coming into contact with someone else who has been infected.
• Children with scabies must not be sent to school or day care until it gets completely cured.
Upper Respiratory Tract infection (URTI)
• Upper Respiratory Tract Infections are extremely common due to air pollution and vehicular emission.
• Upper respiratory tract infections include common cold, influenza and sore throat.
• Tonsillitis is also one of upper respiratory tract infections.
• Tonsillitis is caused due to infection of the tonsils.
• Tonsils are the areas of lymphoid tissue on either side of the throat.
• Symptoms of tonsillitis include a severe sore throat, coughing, headache and difficulty swallowing.
Tuberculosis
• Tuberculosis also affects children and is known as Primary Complex or Childhood Tuberculosis infection.
• Children under the age of two years are more at risk of developing tuberculosis because their immune system is under developed or still developing.
• Tuberculosis is completely curable and early diagnosis can help in effective treatment.
Typhoid
• It is a water borne disease rampant in children due to poor sanitation.
• Cases of typhoid are more common in countries like India and some other South Asian countries and in other low developed nations and have been seen lesser in countries like the USA.
• Symptoms of typhoid in children are poor appetite, body ache, discomfort in abdomen, lethargy and weakness, fever with rising and falling pattern.
• Some children may also experience headache, chest congestion, diarrhoea and vomiting and rose spots on the abdomen.
Bronchitis and Asthma
• Bronchitis and asthma are common in children.
• Bronchitis and asthma are caused due to high exposure to air borne pollutants.
• Bronchitis and asthma need to be treated with antibiotics and bronchodilators.
To be Continued in Part 5
Gastroentitis
• Gastroentitis is an infection in the digestive system and it is one of the most common childhood illnesses.
• Symptoms of gastroentitis include diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting, tummy cramps, and fever.
• One of the main risks with gastroentitis is that it causes dehydration in children.
Rickets
• Rickets occurs due to Vitamin D deficiency.
• Deficiency of Vitamin D occurs in a child because of lack of exposure to sunlight.
• Lack of adequate calcium in the diet can also cause rickets.
• Rickets is a disease which involves softening and weakening of bones in children.
• Children between the ages of 6 to 24 months are at the highest risk of developing the disease because that is the age when their bones are rapidly growing.
Conjunctivitis
• Conjunctivitis is caused due to inflammation of the conjunctiva.
• Conjunctiva is the outermost layer of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids.
• Conjunctivitis often starts in one eye at first and then spreads to the other eye.
• For children suffering from conjunctivitis it is important to see a doctor to know what kind of conjunctivitis it is.
• Symptoms of conjunctivitis include redness of eyes, irritation in the eye, and eye watering.
Scabies
• Scabies is an infection of the skin.
• Scabies is caused by tiny insects called mites.
• These scabies mites burrow into the skin and lay eggs which become adult mites very soon.
• Symptoms of this infection include superficial burrows, rash and severe itching.
• Blisters on the palm and soles of the feet are characteristic symptoms of scabies in infants.
• Scabies is one of the highly contagious diseases and a child can develop it by coming into contact with someone else who has been infected.
• Children with scabies must not be sent to school or day care until it gets completely cured.
Upper Respiratory Tract infection (URTI)
• Upper Respiratory Tract Infections are extremely common due to air pollution and vehicular emission.
• Upper respiratory tract infections include common cold, influenza and sore throat.
• Tonsillitis is also one of upper respiratory tract infections.
• Tonsillitis is caused due to infection of the tonsils.
• Tonsils are the areas of lymphoid tissue on either side of the throat.
• Symptoms of tonsillitis include a severe sore throat, coughing, headache and difficulty swallowing.
Tuberculosis
• Tuberculosis also affects children and is known as Primary Complex or Childhood Tuberculosis infection.
• Children under the age of two years are more at risk of developing tuberculosis because their immune system is under developed or still developing.
• Tuberculosis is completely curable and early diagnosis can help in effective treatment.
Typhoid
• It is a water borne disease rampant in children due to poor sanitation.
• Cases of typhoid are more common in countries like India and some other South Asian countries and in other low developed nations and have been seen lesser in countries like the USA.
• Symptoms of typhoid in children are poor appetite, body ache, discomfort in abdomen, lethargy and weakness, fever with rising and falling pattern.
• Some children may also experience headache, chest congestion, diarrhoea and vomiting and rose spots on the abdomen.
Bronchitis and Asthma
• Bronchitis and asthma are common in children.
• Bronchitis and asthma are caused due to high exposure to air borne pollutants.
• Bronchitis and asthma need to be treated with antibiotics and bronchodilators.
To be Continued in Part 5
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