Biodiversity - 15 Mints Seminar Notes

Biodiversity - 15 Mints Seminar Notes

Bios – Life, Diversity – Variety ( Forms)

Biodiversity refers to every living thing, including plants, bacteria, animals, and humans which found on this planet including along with geographical location and also which maintain the balance of nature and also which is combined on all type of living organisms.

Term biological diversity was coined by Walter G Rosen in 1985 From that the term biodiversity was applied by Sociobiologist - professor

Edward O Wilson – 1992

•    1916 – The term biological diversity was used first by J. Arthur Harris

•    1974 – The term natural diversity was introduced by John Terborgb

•    Number of ant species 20000

•    Number of Beetle species 3 lacs

•    Number of Fish species 28000

•    70% of species are animals

•    22% of species are plants

•    8/10 of inspects

Important forms of biodiversity

•    Genetic diversity

•    Species diversity

•    Ecological diversity

Genetic Diversity :

• It classifies types of genes as well as chromosome present in different species.  Variations of genes found with in the species is called genetic diversity.
  
• More than 50,000 varieties of rice
  

Species diversity:

Western Ghats have ever greater amphibians species diversity than Eastern Ghats. Where varieties of species within a region for example

Tiger - Panther tigress

Lion - Panther Leo

Snow leopard - Panther Unisia

Here Panther is the Gene ( same family)  and the species are different.

Ecological diversity:

Biotic component interaction with abiotic component ( living components with non living components) are ecological diversity

Terrestrial ecosystem – Forest, Desert

Aquatic ecosystem – Freshwater, Marine water

Three types:

Alpha, Beta, Gamma ( Whittaker – 1965)

Alpha - total no of species

Beta - Comparison

Gamma – Large region measure

Major Role of Biodiversity:

Ecosystem : Nutrient recycling, energy transfer, climate stability, pollutant breakdown, balance of atmospheric gases.

Biological importance : Food, Medical products, Para Medical drugs, Wood products, Breeding stocks.

Social biodiversity : Education, Research, Cultural values, Tourism,

Cause of losses :

Natural – Flood,  Earthquake, Landslides

Man made – Deforestation, Habitated Distruction, Pollutilation. 

Presented by

Sabeha

TNPSC Student

Magme School of Banking