Raleigh Commission - 15 Minutes Seminar Notes

The Viceroy filled with imperialistic design was not in favor of giving any power to the Indians.
He concluded the Indian Universities and the colleges were slowly becoming cradle of Propaganda against the Government.
So, with an idea to bring the Universities under control, Lord Curzon appointed Raleigh Commission under Sir Thomas Raleigh.
The Raleigh Commission had only one Indian member, Syed Hussain Belgrami.
But when the Hindus protested about this, Justice Guru Das Banerjee was called from the High Court of Calcutta and made a member.
This commission submitted its report in 1902 and this followed introduction of a Bill called Raleigh Bill. The Raleigh Bill when became an act, it was called Indian Universities Act 1904.

Hunter Commission vs. Raleigh Commission

The Hunter Commission of 1882 which was appointed by Lord Ripon left the University education completely and emphasized upon the primary education. On the contrary, the Raleigh Commission excluded the primary education completely and emphasized upon the Higher Education only.
Michael Saddler was a British educationalist and university administrator. In the year 1917, Saddler Commission was appointed mainly to investigate the problems of Calcutta University. But the other universities were also benefited by its recommendations.
In the year 1929, Hartog Committee was appointed to recommend necessary measures to overcome the downfall of the standard of education due to the increased number of educational institutions. Sir Philip Joseph Hartog was the chairman of the committee.
On July 31, 1937, Gandhi had published an article in the Harijan. Based upon this article, an all India National Education Conference was held on October 22 and 23, 1937. The conference is called Wardha Educational Conference and the president of this conference was Gandhi himself.

Radhakrishnan Commission

The resolutions passed were as follows:

Free and compulsory education to be provided for 7 years at a nationwide scale.
Mother tongue should be the medium of instruction.
Through out this period of 7 years, the education should be around some forms of manual and productive work and for this purpose a handicraft must be chosen , based upon the environment of the child.
This system would generate the remuneration of the teachers.
The Radhakrishnan Commission 1948-49 helped the students to develop on the grounds of their merit solely.
The commission recommended a percentage of higher salaries for the teachers so that they could get the motivation for teaching.
There were other benefits that were presented to them like the provident funds, the hours of work, and the paid leaves, which was intended solely for the development of the teaching staff there.

University Grants Commission of India

The University Grants Commission of India (UGC India) is a statutory body set up by the Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Education, Government of India in accordance to the UGC Act 1956[2] and is charged with coordination, determination and maintenance of standards of higher education.
It provides recognition to universities in India, and disbursements of funds to such recognized universities and colleges.
The headquarters are in New Delhi, and it has six regional centres in Pune, Bhopal, Kolkata, Hyderabad, Guwahati and Bangalore.
[3][4] A proposal to replace it with another new regulatory body called HECI is under consideration by the Government of India.
The UGC provides doctoral scholarships to all those who clear JRF in the National Eligibility Test. On an average, each year ₹725 crore (US$96 million) is spent on doctoral and post-doctoral

National Education Commission

National Education Commission (1964-1966), popularly known as Kothari Commission, was an ad hoc commission set up by the Government of India to examine all aspects of the educational sector in India, to evolve a general pattern of education and to advise guidelines and policies for the development of education in India.
It was formed on 14 July 1964 under the chairmanship of Daulat Singh Kothari, then chairman of the University Grants Commission.
The terms of reference of the commission was to formulate the general principles and guidelines for the development of education from primary level to the highest and advise the government on a standardized national pattern of education in India.
However, the medical and legal studies were excluded from the purview of the commission.
The tenancy of the commission was from 1964 to 1966 and the report was submitted by the commission on 29 June 1966. The 1986 policy was issued during tenure of Rajiv Gandhi as Prime Minister and it was updated in 1992 when PV Narsimha Rao was prime minister. This policy focussed on modernization and role of IT in education.
More attention was paid on restructuring the teacher education, early childhood care, women’s empowerment and adult literacy. It also accepted autonomy of universities and colleges, something which was resisted in past.

Performance of NEP -1986

In comparison to the 1968 policy, the 1986 policy performed better. There were several reasons to this.
Firstly, this policy came after 42nd amendment in 1976. In this amendment, five subjects were transferred from State to Concurrent List including Education, Forests, Weights & Measures, Protection of Wild Animals and Birds; and Administration of Justice.
Secondly, now centre was able to accept wider responsibility and introduced a number of programmes in line with this policy.
Most of our classic government schemes such as Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, Mid Day Meal Scheme, Navodaya Vidyalayas (NVS schools), Kendriya Vidyalayas (KV schools) and use of IT in education were started under the NEP of 1986.

Presented By,

Ashokkumar

Tnpsc Student

Magme School Of Banking

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