SCIENCE GLOSSARY - PART 3
101. Electron: It is one of the basic particles of matter.
102. Electronic: Operating by means of an electrical signal. An electronic device is a device that uses electric current to represent coded information
103. Element: It is substance that cannot be split chemically into simpler substances.
104. Endothermic reaction: A chemical reaction that absorbs energy
105. Energy: The ability to do work or to cause a change. For example, the energy of a moving bowling ball knocks over pins; energy from food allows animals to move and to grow; and energy from the Sun heats Earth’s surface and atmosphere, which causes air to move.
106. Energy efficiency: A measurement of usable energy after an energy conversion; the ratio of usable energy to the total energy after an energy conversion
107. Enzyme: A type of protein that is a catalyst for chemical reactions in living things
108. Epicentre: It is a point directly above the true centre of disturbing from which the shock wavers of an earthquakes apparently radiate.
109. Escape speed: It is the speed of an object leaving the surface of a planet, such that it just escapes the gravitational pull.
110. Escape velocity: It is the minimum velocity with which an object must be projected for it to escape from the gravitational pull of a planetary body.
111. Evaporation: A process by which a substance changes from its liquid state to its gas state by random particle movement.Evaporation usually occurs at the surface of a liquid over a wide range of temperatures.
112. Exothermic reaction: A chemical reaction that releases energy
113. Experiment: An organized procedure to study something under controlled conditions
114. Fallout: These are the radio-active substance deposited upon the surface of the earth after the explosion of a nuclear weapon of mishap at a nuclear reactor.
115. Fibre optics: It is branch of physics dealing with the transmission of light and images though glass or plastic known as optical fibres.
116. Field: An area around an object where the object can apply a force-such as gravitational force, magnetic force, or electrical force-on another object without touching it
117. Filament: It is a thin, high resistance wire as in an electric light bulb.
118. Filter: It is a kind of apparatus which helps to separate a mixture.
119. Fleming’s rules: These are memory aids for the directions of the magnetic field, current and motion in an electric generator or motor, using one’s fingers.
120. Fluid: A substance that can flow easily, such as a gas or a liquid
121. Fluorescence: A phenomenon in which a material absorbs electro- magnetic radiation of one wavelength and gives off
122. Fly wheel: It is a heavy wheels connected to the shaft of an engine. It maintains the smooth rotation of the shaft because of its high inertia.
123. Focal length: The distance from the center of a convex lens to its focal point
124. Focal point: The point at which parallel light rays reflected from a concave mirror come together; the point at which parallel light rays refracted by a convex lens come together
125. Force: A push or a pull; something that changes the motion of an object
126. Forensic science: It carries out test and searches for clues to help the police and lawyers.
127. Fossil fuel: Any fuel produced by the slow decay of dead things and which, therefore, is not renewable.
128. Free fall: It is the state in which a body is falling freely under the influence of gravity, as in free-fall parachuting.
129. Freezing: The process by which a substance changes from its liquid state into its solid state
130. Freezing point: The temperature at which a substance changes from its liquid state to its solid state through freezing
131. Frequency: The number of waves that pass a fixed point in a given amount of time, usually one second; the num- ber of cycles per unit time
132. Friction: A force that resists the motion between two surfaces in contact
133. Friction: It is the force that opposes the relative motion of two bodies in contact.
134. Fulcrum: A fixed point around which a lever rotates.
135. Fuse: It is a thin piece of wire, a part of an electric circuit.
136. Galvanometer: It is a sensitive instrument for detecting or measuring small electric currents.
137. Gamma rays: Part of the electromagnetic spectrum that consists of waves with the highest frequencies; electromagnetic waves with frequencies ranging from more than 1019 hertz to more than 1024 hertz
138. Gas: It is a state of matter which has no fixed shape or volume and always fills the whole of the space in which it is contained.
139. Geiger counter: It is a device which measures radiation.
140. Generator: It is a machine that transfers kinetic energy to electricity.
141. Gravity: The force that objects exert on each other because of their mass
142. Greenhouse effect: It is a phenomenon of the Earth’s atmosphere by which solar radiation, absorbed by the Earth and re-emitted from the surface, is prevented from escaping by gases, mainly carbon dioxide in the air.
143. Grid: It is the network by which electricity is generated and distributed over a region or country.
144. Grounding: The creation of a harmless, low-resistance path-a ground-for electricity to follow. Grounding is an important electrical safety procedure.
145. Group: A vertical column in the periodic table of the elements. Elements in a group have similar properties
146. Half-life: The amount of time it takes for half of the nuclei of a radioactive isotope to decay into atoms of another element.
147. Heat: The flow of energy from an object at a higher temperature to an object at a lower temperature OR Energy that is transferred from a warmer object to a cooler object
148. Hectare: It is a unit of measurement which measures area.
149. Hertz: It is a unit of measurement which measures the frequency of vibrations.
150. Hexagon: It is a flat shape which has six sides.
102. Electronic: Operating by means of an electrical signal. An electronic device is a device that uses electric current to represent coded information
103. Element: It is substance that cannot be split chemically into simpler substances.
104. Endothermic reaction: A chemical reaction that absorbs energy
105. Energy: The ability to do work or to cause a change. For example, the energy of a moving bowling ball knocks over pins; energy from food allows animals to move and to grow; and energy from the Sun heats Earth’s surface and atmosphere, which causes air to move.
106. Energy efficiency: A measurement of usable energy after an energy conversion; the ratio of usable energy to the total energy after an energy conversion
107. Enzyme: A type of protein that is a catalyst for chemical reactions in living things
108. Epicentre: It is a point directly above the true centre of disturbing from which the shock wavers of an earthquakes apparently radiate.
109. Escape speed: It is the speed of an object leaving the surface of a planet, such that it just escapes the gravitational pull.
110. Escape velocity: It is the minimum velocity with which an object must be projected for it to escape from the gravitational pull of a planetary body.
111. Evaporation: A process by which a substance changes from its liquid state to its gas state by random particle movement.Evaporation usually occurs at the surface of a liquid over a wide range of temperatures.
112. Exothermic reaction: A chemical reaction that releases energy
113. Experiment: An organized procedure to study something under controlled conditions
114. Fallout: These are the radio-active substance deposited upon the surface of the earth after the explosion of a nuclear weapon of mishap at a nuclear reactor.
115. Fibre optics: It is branch of physics dealing with the transmission of light and images though glass or plastic known as optical fibres.
116. Field: An area around an object where the object can apply a force-such as gravitational force, magnetic force, or electrical force-on another object without touching it
117. Filament: It is a thin, high resistance wire as in an electric light bulb.
118. Filter: It is a kind of apparatus which helps to separate a mixture.
119. Fleming’s rules: These are memory aids for the directions of the magnetic field, current and motion in an electric generator or motor, using one’s fingers.
120. Fluid: A substance that can flow easily, such as a gas or a liquid
121. Fluorescence: A phenomenon in which a material absorbs electro- magnetic radiation of one wavelength and gives off
122. Fly wheel: It is a heavy wheels connected to the shaft of an engine. It maintains the smooth rotation of the shaft because of its high inertia.
123. Focal length: The distance from the center of a convex lens to its focal point
124. Focal point: The point at which parallel light rays reflected from a concave mirror come together; the point at which parallel light rays refracted by a convex lens come together
125. Force: A push or a pull; something that changes the motion of an object
126. Forensic science: It carries out test and searches for clues to help the police and lawyers.
127. Fossil fuel: Any fuel produced by the slow decay of dead things and which, therefore, is not renewable.
128. Free fall: It is the state in which a body is falling freely under the influence of gravity, as in free-fall parachuting.
129. Freezing: The process by which a substance changes from its liquid state into its solid state
130. Freezing point: The temperature at which a substance changes from its liquid state to its solid state through freezing
131. Frequency: The number of waves that pass a fixed point in a given amount of time, usually one second; the num- ber of cycles per unit time
132. Friction: A force that resists the motion between two surfaces in contact
133. Friction: It is the force that opposes the relative motion of two bodies in contact.
134. Fulcrum: A fixed point around which a lever rotates.
135. Fuse: It is a thin piece of wire, a part of an electric circuit.
136. Galvanometer: It is a sensitive instrument for detecting or measuring small electric currents.
137. Gamma rays: Part of the electromagnetic spectrum that consists of waves with the highest frequencies; electromagnetic waves with frequencies ranging from more than 1019 hertz to more than 1024 hertz
138. Gas: It is a state of matter which has no fixed shape or volume and always fills the whole of the space in which it is contained.
139. Geiger counter: It is a device which measures radiation.
140. Generator: It is a machine that transfers kinetic energy to electricity.
141. Gravity: The force that objects exert on each other because of their mass
142. Greenhouse effect: It is a phenomenon of the Earth’s atmosphere by which solar radiation, absorbed by the Earth and re-emitted from the surface, is prevented from escaping by gases, mainly carbon dioxide in the air.
143. Grid: It is the network by which electricity is generated and distributed over a region or country.
144. Grounding: The creation of a harmless, low-resistance path-a ground-for electricity to follow. Grounding is an important electrical safety procedure.
145. Group: A vertical column in the periodic table of the elements. Elements in a group have similar properties
146. Half-life: The amount of time it takes for half of the nuclei of a radioactive isotope to decay into atoms of another element.
147. Heat: The flow of energy from an object at a higher temperature to an object at a lower temperature OR Energy that is transferred from a warmer object to a cooler object
148. Hectare: It is a unit of measurement which measures area.
149. Hertz: It is a unit of measurement which measures the frequency of vibrations.
150. Hexagon: It is a flat shape which has six sides.
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