SCIENCE GLOSSARY - PART 6
251. Particle: A very small piece of matter, such as an atom, molecule, or ion
252. Pascal: The unit used to measure pressure. One pascal is the pressure exerted by one newton of force on an area of one square meter, or one N/m2
253. Period: A horizontal row in the periodic table of the elements. Elements in a period have varying properties
254. Periodic table: A table of the elements, arranged by atomic number, that shows the patterns in their properties
255. Periscope: It is an optical instrument designed for observation from a concealed position such as from a submerged submarine.
256. Ph: The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution; a measurement of acidity.
257. Photon: It is a particle which has been invented by scientist to explain how light behaves.
258. Photosynthesis: In green plants, the endothermic process in which light is absorbed and used to change carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
259. Physical change: A change in a substance that does not change the substance into a different one.
260. Physical property: A characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance.
261. Physics: It is the branch of science concerned with the ultimate laws that govern the structure of the universe and the forms of matter and energy and their interactions.
262. Piston: It is a part of a machine, it is fitted inside a cylinder and moves back wards and forwards.
263. Pitch: The quality of highness or lowness of a sound. Pitch is associated with the frequency of a sound wave- the higher the frequency, the higher the pitch.
264. Plastic: A polymer that can be molded or shaped
265. Plutonium: It is a radioactive metallic element (symbol Pu) of proton number 94 and relative atomic mass 239.13.
266. Polar covalent bond: The unequal sharing of electrons between two at- oms that gives rise to negative and positive regions of electric charge
267. Polarization: A way of filtering light so that all of the waves vibrate in the same direction
268. Pole: It is a region of a magnetic field where the force is strongest. Most bar magnets have two poles.
269. Pollution: The effect on the surface of the Earth of poisonous or harmful substances that makes life less safe or pleasant for living organisms.
270. Polymer: A very large carbon-based molecule made of smaller, repeating units
271. Position: An object’s location
272. Potential energy: It is stored energy.
273. Potential energy: Stored energy; the energy an object has due to its position, molecular arrangement, or chemical composition
274. Power: The rate at which work is done.
275. Precipitate: A solid substance that forms as a result of a reaction between chemicals in two liquids
276. Pressure: A measure of how much force is acting on a certain area; how concentrated a force is. Pressure is equal to the force divided by area
277. Primary colors: Three colors of light-red, green, and blue-that can be mixed to produce all possible colors.
278. Primary colour: A primary colour is one of there different colours of light red. Green and blue colours.
279. Primary pigments: Three colors of substances--cyan, yellow, and magenta that can be mixed to produce all possible colors
280. Prism: In optics, a triangular block of transport material (plastic glass, silica) commonly used to, bend’ a ray of light or split a beam into its special colours.
281. Product: A substance formed by a chemical reaction. A prod- uct is made by the rearrangement of atoms and bonds in reactants
282. Projectile: A particle that travels with both horizontal and vertical motion in the Earth’s gravitational field.
283. Protein: A macromolecule in living things that is made of smaller molecules called amino acids
284. Proton: A positively charged particle located in an atom’s nucleus
285. Pulley: A wheel with a grooved rim that turns on an axle; one of the six simple machines
286. Pupil: The circular opening in the iris of the eye that con-trols how much light enters the eye
287. Quantum mechanics: It is the part of physics that deals with radiation and the movement of atomic particles.
288. Rader: An acronym for radio direction and ranging device for locating objects in space, direction finding, and navigation by means of transmitted and reflected high-frequency radio waves.
289. Radiant heat: It is energy that is radiated by all warm or hot bodies.
290. Radiation: It is a kind of energy which is moving.
291. Radio waves: The part of the electromagnetic spectrum that consists of waves with the lowest frequencies
292. Radioactivity: It is the spontaneous alteration, or decay, of the nuclei of radioactive atoms, accompanied by the emission of radiation.
293. Radiocarbon dating: It is a method of dating organic materials (for example, bone or wood), used in archaeology.
294. Rainbow: It is an arch in the sky displaying the colours of the spectrum formed by the refraction and reflection of the Sun’s rays through rain of mist.
295. Reactant: A substance that is present at the beginning of a chemical reaction and is changed into a new substance
296. Reactive: Likely to undergo a chemical change
297. Reference point: A location to which another location is compared
298. Reflection: The throwing back or deflection of waves, such as light or sound waves, when they hit a surface.
299. Refraction: It is the bending of waves of light, heat or sound when is passes from one medium to another.
300. Relativity theory: A theory that described matter, space and time and how they relate to each other.
252. Pascal: The unit used to measure pressure. One pascal is the pressure exerted by one newton of force on an area of one square meter, or one N/m2
253. Period: A horizontal row in the periodic table of the elements. Elements in a period have varying properties
254. Periodic table: A table of the elements, arranged by atomic number, that shows the patterns in their properties
255. Periscope: It is an optical instrument designed for observation from a concealed position such as from a submerged submarine.
256. Ph: The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution; a measurement of acidity.
257. Photon: It is a particle which has been invented by scientist to explain how light behaves.
258. Photosynthesis: In green plants, the endothermic process in which light is absorbed and used to change carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
259. Physical change: A change in a substance that does not change the substance into a different one.
260. Physical property: A characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance.
261. Physics: It is the branch of science concerned with the ultimate laws that govern the structure of the universe and the forms of matter and energy and their interactions.
262. Piston: It is a part of a machine, it is fitted inside a cylinder and moves back wards and forwards.
263. Pitch: The quality of highness or lowness of a sound. Pitch is associated with the frequency of a sound wave- the higher the frequency, the higher the pitch.
264. Plastic: A polymer that can be molded or shaped
265. Plutonium: It is a radioactive metallic element (symbol Pu) of proton number 94 and relative atomic mass 239.13.
266. Polar covalent bond: The unequal sharing of electrons between two at- oms that gives rise to negative and positive regions of electric charge
267. Polarization: A way of filtering light so that all of the waves vibrate in the same direction
268. Pole: It is a region of a magnetic field where the force is strongest. Most bar magnets have two poles.
269. Pollution: The effect on the surface of the Earth of poisonous or harmful substances that makes life less safe or pleasant for living organisms.
270. Polymer: A very large carbon-based molecule made of smaller, repeating units
271. Position: An object’s location
272. Potential energy: It is stored energy.
273. Potential energy: Stored energy; the energy an object has due to its position, molecular arrangement, or chemical composition
274. Power: The rate at which work is done.
275. Precipitate: A solid substance that forms as a result of a reaction between chemicals in two liquids
276. Pressure: A measure of how much force is acting on a certain area; how concentrated a force is. Pressure is equal to the force divided by area
277. Primary colors: Three colors of light-red, green, and blue-that can be mixed to produce all possible colors.
278. Primary colour: A primary colour is one of there different colours of light red. Green and blue colours.
279. Primary pigments: Three colors of substances--cyan, yellow, and magenta that can be mixed to produce all possible colors
280. Prism: In optics, a triangular block of transport material (plastic glass, silica) commonly used to, bend’ a ray of light or split a beam into its special colours.
281. Product: A substance formed by a chemical reaction. A prod- uct is made by the rearrangement of atoms and bonds in reactants
282. Projectile: A particle that travels with both horizontal and vertical motion in the Earth’s gravitational field.
283. Protein: A macromolecule in living things that is made of smaller molecules called amino acids
284. Proton: A positively charged particle located in an atom’s nucleus
285. Pulley: A wheel with a grooved rim that turns on an axle; one of the six simple machines
286. Pupil: The circular opening in the iris of the eye that con-trols how much light enters the eye
287. Quantum mechanics: It is the part of physics that deals with radiation and the movement of atomic particles.
288. Rader: An acronym for radio direction and ranging device for locating objects in space, direction finding, and navigation by means of transmitted and reflected high-frequency radio waves.
289. Radiant heat: It is energy that is radiated by all warm or hot bodies.
290. Radiation: It is a kind of energy which is moving.
291. Radio waves: The part of the electromagnetic spectrum that consists of waves with the lowest frequencies
292. Radioactivity: It is the spontaneous alteration, or decay, of the nuclei of radioactive atoms, accompanied by the emission of radiation.
293. Radiocarbon dating: It is a method of dating organic materials (for example, bone or wood), used in archaeology.
294. Rainbow: It is an arch in the sky displaying the colours of the spectrum formed by the refraction and reflection of the Sun’s rays through rain of mist.
295. Reactant: A substance that is present at the beginning of a chemical reaction and is changed into a new substance
296. Reactive: Likely to undergo a chemical change
297. Reference point: A location to which another location is compared
298. Reflection: The throwing back or deflection of waves, such as light or sound waves, when they hit a surface.
299. Refraction: It is the bending of waves of light, heat or sound when is passes from one medium to another.
300. Relativity theory: A theory that described matter, space and time and how they relate to each other.
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